{"id":10801,"date":"2026-02-17T12:12:48","date_gmt":"2026-02-17T11:12:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/martinroe.com\/blog\/?p=10801"},"modified":"2026-02-04T14:49:56","modified_gmt":"2026-02-04T13:49:56","slug":"norske-gaardnavne-oluf-rygh-the-old-master-key-to-norwegian-farm-names","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/martinroe.com\/blog\/norske-gaardnavne-oluf-rygh-the-old-master-key-to-norwegian-farm-names\/","title":{"rendered":"Norske Gaardnavne (Oluf Rygh): the old master key to Norwegian farm names"},"content":{"rendered":"<p data-start=\"77\" data-end=\"688\">If you do Norwegian genealogy for any length of time, you\u2019ll meet the same problem again and again: the place is <em data-start=\"190\" data-end=\"197\">there<\/em> in the record, but the spelling is\u2026 creative. Norske Gaardnavne (Oluf Rygh): the old master key to Norwegian farm names, is an indispensable resource for untangling these tricky place names.<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"77\" data-end=\"688\">Gothic handwriting doesn\u2019t help, and neither does the fact that farm names often shifted spelling over the centuries. One of the most dependable ways to steady your footing is to consult <strong data-start=\"431\" data-end=\"466\">Oluf Rygh\u2019s <\/strong><strong data-start=\"431\" data-end=\"466\"><em data-start=\"445\" data-end=\"464\">Norske Gaardnavne<\/em><\/strong> (\u201cNorwegian farm names\u201d), a standard reference that follows farm names historically and often explains pronunciation, older spellings, and likely meaning. Norske Gaardnavne (Oluf Rygh): the old master key to Norwegian farm names is invaluable for anyone doing serious research on Norwegian genealogy.<\/p><div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-light-blue ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-box-title\">In this article<\/div>\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\"><\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/martinroe.com\/blog\/norske-gaardnavne-oluf-rygh-the-old-master-key-to-norwegian-farm-names\/#What_is_Norske_Gaardnavne\" >What is Norske Gaardnavne?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/martinroe.com\/blog\/norske-gaardnavne-oluf-rygh-the-old-master-key-to-norwegian-farm-names\/#Why_is_Norske_Gaardnavne_the_master_key_to_Norwegian_farm_names\" >Why is Norske Gaardnavne the master key to Norwegian farm names<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/martinroe.com\/blog\/norske-gaardnavne-oluf-rygh-the-old-master-key-to-norwegian-farm-names\/#Using_the_online_searchable_version_and_keeping_the_same_image_positions\" >Using the online searchable version (and keeping the same image positions)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/martinroe.com\/blog\/norske-gaardnavne-oluf-rygh-the-old-master-key-to-norwegian-farm-names\/#What_youll_typically_find_in_a_Rygh_entry\" >What you\u2019ll typically find in a Rygh entry<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/martinroe.com\/blog\/norske-gaardnavne-oluf-rygh-the-old-master-key-to-norwegian-farm-names\/#A_few_cautions_the_sensible_traditional_ones\" >A few cautions (the sensible, traditional ones)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/martinroe.com\/blog\/norske-gaardnavne-oluf-rygh-the-old-master-key-to-norwegian-farm-names\/#How_to_access_the_work\" >How to access the work<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/martinroe.com\/blog\/norske-gaardnavne-oluf-rygh-the-old-master-key-to-norwegian-farm-names\/#References\" >References<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<p data-start=\"77\" data-end=\"688\">I have written about Oluf Rygh&#8217;s Norske Gaardnavne (Norwegian farm names) before, but as this is such a valuable resource, I wanted to single it out in a separate article to be easy to find and bookmark.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"77\" data-end=\"688\">By hovering your mouse over the pictures in this article, you can enlarge them.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"690\" data-end=\"721\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_is_Norske_Gaardnavne\"><\/span>What is <em data-start=\"701\" data-end=\"720\">Norske Gaardnavne<\/em>?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"723\" data-end=\"1240\"><em data-start=\"723\" data-end=\"742\">Norske Gaardnavne<\/em> was published across multiple volumes, with the main series commonly described as appearing from <strong data-start=\"840\" data-end=\"856\">1897 to 1924<\/strong>, and organized largely by the old county units (\u201camt\u201d). (Antonsen, n.d.; Norske Gaardnavne, 2024; Norske Gaardnavne, 2025) It grew out of work on revising the land register (matrikkel), during which the commission gathered older written name forms and local pronunciations to improve consistency and correctness in official usage. (Antonsen, n.d.; Norske Gaardnavne, 2024)<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1242\" data-end=\"1496\">What makes Rygh so useful for genealogists is that it doesn\u2019t just give a \u201cmodern\u201d spelling\u2014it often gives you a trail of historical forms so you can recognize the same farm when it appears in records with very different spelling habits. (Antonsen, n.d.)<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"1498\" data-end=\"1529\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Why_is_Norske_Gaardnavne_the_master_key_to_Norwegian_farm_names\"><\/span>Why is Norske Gaardnavne the master key to Norwegian farm names<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"1531\" data-end=\"1568\">In everyday research, Rygh helps you:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"1570\" data-end=\"1932\">\n<li data-start=\"1570\" data-end=\"1667\">\n<p data-start=\"1572\" data-end=\"1667\"><strong data-start=\"1572\" data-end=\"1608\">confirm a hard-to-read farm name<\/strong> by matching it to known farms in the correct parish area<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1668\" data-end=\"1735\">\n<p data-start=\"1670\" data-end=\"1735\"><strong data-start=\"1670\" data-end=\"1699\">recognize older spellings<\/strong> that don\u2019t look like modern forms<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1736\" data-end=\"1829\">\n<p data-start=\"1738\" data-end=\"1829\"><strong data-start=\"1738\" data-end=\"1767\">separate look-alike names<\/strong> that can fool you when several farms share similar patterns<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1830\" data-end=\"1932\">\n<p data-start=\"1832\" data-end=\"1932\">remember that older sources often use <strong data-start=\"1870\" data-end=\"1878\">\u201cAa\u201d<\/strong> where modern Norwegian uses <strong data-start=\"1907\" data-end=\"1914\">\u201c\u00c5\u201d<\/strong> (Eidhammer, 2018)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"1934\" data-end=\"2104\">These are not theoretical benefits\u2014this is exactly the kind of checking that turns \u201ca plausible guess\u201d into something you can defend in a case write-up. (Eidhammer, 2018)<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"2106\" data-end=\"2183\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Using_the_online_searchable_version_and_keeping_the_same_image_positions\"><\/span>Using the online searchable version (and keeping the same image positions)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"2185\" data-end=\"2419\">A very practical way to work is the slow, careful method: start with the record, identify the parish, then compare what you see to the farm list for that parish. (Eidhammer, 2018)<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"2421\" data-end=\"2473\">1) Start with the record and identify the parish<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"2474\" data-end=\"2577\">You need the parish (or a strong, evidence-based guess). Without it, you\u2019re gambling. (Eidhammer, 2018) For this article I picked at random a parish where I am not familiar with the farm names. Here is the heading of the church record:<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2474\" data-end=\"2577\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"6015\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/martinroe.com\/blog\/how-to-decipher-norwegian-farm-names\/screen-shot-01-30-18-at-04-43-pm\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/martinroe.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/Screen-Shot-01-30-18-at-04.43-PM.png?fit=730%2C64&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"730,64\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Screen Shot 01-30-18 at 04.43 PM\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/martinroe.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/Screen-Shot-01-30-18-at-04.43-PM.png?fit=300%2C26&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/martinroe.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/Screen-Shot-01-30-18-at-04.43-PM.png?fit=730%2C64&amp;ssl=1\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-6015 size-full alignleft zoooom\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/martinroe.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/Screen-Shot-01-30-18-at-04.43-PM.png?resize=730%2C64&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"730\" height=\"64\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/martinroe.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/Screen-Shot-01-30-18-at-04.43-PM.png?w=730&amp;ssl=1 730w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/martinroe.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/Screen-Shot-01-30-18-at-04.43-PM.png?resize=300%2C26&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 730px) 100vw, 730px\" \/><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2579\" data-end=\"2678\">Quick link: <a href=\"https:\/\/media.digitalarkivet.no\/en\/kb20061020010441\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/media.digitalarkivet.no\/en\/kb20061020010441<\/a><\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"2680\" data-end=\"2746\">2) Go to the Rygh search page and begin typing the parish name<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"2747\" data-end=\"2949\">Your original method is simple and effective: type the parish name and use the drop-down help to select the right one\u2014especially important when parish names can be similar or repeated. (Eidhammer, 2018)<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2951\" data-end=\"3047\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"6017\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/martinroe.com\/blog\/how-to-decipher-norwegian-farm-names\/screen-shot-01-30-18-at-04-32-pm\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/martinroe.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/Screen-Shot-01-30-18-at-04.32-PM.png?fit=493%2C345&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"493,345\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Screen Shot 01-30-18 at 04.32 PM\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/martinroe.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/Screen-Shot-01-30-18-at-04.32-PM.png?fit=300%2C210&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/martinroe.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/Screen-Shot-01-30-18-at-04.32-PM.png?fit=493%2C345&amp;ssl=1\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-6017 size-full zoooom\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/martinroe.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/Screen-Shot-01-30-18-at-04.32-PM.png?resize=493%2C345&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"493\" height=\"345\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/martinroe.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/Screen-Shot-01-30-18-at-04.32-PM.png?w=493&amp;ssl=1 493w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/martinroe.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/Screen-Shot-01-30-18-at-04.32-PM.png?resize=300%2C210&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/martinroe.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/Screen-Shot-01-30-18-at-04.32-PM.png?resize=130%2C90&amp;ssl=1 130w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 493px) 100vw, 493px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"3049\" data-end=\"3092\">3) Browse the farm list for that parish<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"3093\" data-end=\"3259\">Once you\u2019ve chosen the parish, you get a list of farms connected to it\u2014an excellent way to check uncertain handwriting against a known set of names. (Eidhammer, 2018)<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"3261\" data-end=\"3353\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"6019\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/martinroe.com\/blog\/how-to-decipher-norwegian-farm-names\/screen-shot-01-30-18-at-05-01-pm\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/martinroe.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/Screen-Shot-01-30-18-at-05.01-PM.png?fit=615%2C481&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"615,481\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Screen Shot 01-30-18 at 05.01 PM\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/martinroe.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/Screen-Shot-01-30-18-at-05.01-PM.png?fit=300%2C235&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/martinroe.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/Screen-Shot-01-30-18-at-05.01-PM.png?fit=615%2C481&amp;ssl=1\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-6019 zoooom\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/martinroe.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/Screen-Shot-01-30-18-at-05.01-PM.png?resize=615%2C481&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"615\" height=\"481\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/martinroe.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/Screen-Shot-01-30-18-at-05.01-PM.png?w=615&amp;ssl=1 615w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/martinroe.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/Screen-Shot-01-30-18-at-05.01-PM.png?resize=300%2C235&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 615px) 100vw, 615px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"3355\" data-end=\"3425\">4) Compare the record\u2019s spelling to the list, then open candidates<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"3426\" data-end=\"3680\">This is the moment where Rygh shines: you compare the record\u2019s spelling to the parish list, and for close-but-not-quite matches you can often open entries to see variant historical spellings that explain the discrepancy (see also below). (Eidhammer, 2018; Antonsen, n.d.) Here is a screenshot from the church record I linked in the beginning of the article.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"3682\" data-end=\"3787\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"6022\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/martinroe.com\/blog\/how-to-decipher-norwegian-farm-names\/screen-shot-01-30-18-at-04-51-pm\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/martinroe.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/Screen-Shot-01-30-18-at-04.51-PM.png?fit=1024%2C283&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1024,283\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Screen Shot 01-30-18 at 04.51 PM\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/martinroe.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/Screen-Shot-01-30-18-at-04.51-PM.png?fit=300%2C83&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/martinroe.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/Screen-Shot-01-30-18-at-04.51-PM.png?fit=800%2C221&amp;ssl=1\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-6022 zoooom\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/martinroe.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/Screen-Shot-01-30-18-at-04.51-PM.png?resize=800%2C221&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"221\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/martinroe.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/Screen-Shot-01-30-18-at-04.51-PM.png?w=1024&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/martinroe.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/Screen-Shot-01-30-18-at-04.51-PM.png?resize=300%2C83&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/martinroe.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/Screen-Shot-01-30-18-at-04.51-PM.png?resize=768%2C212&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>I have put in some numbered boxes. If we compare the names in the record with the farm names in \u201cNorwegian farm names\u201d we see that<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u201cNordre Kaaen\u201d<\/strong> must be what Rygh lists as <strong>Kaan nordre<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u201cMellebye\u201d \u2192 Melleby (s\u00f8ndre)<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u201cKlepper\u201d <\/strong>is hard to read, but helped by Rygh we recognise the name as <strong>Klepper<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u201cFladberg\u201d \u2192 Flatberg<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u201cSi\u00f8lerud\u201d <\/strong>must be <strong>Skj\u00f8lerud<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>If we, like in example no. 5, find a name that is spelled somewhat similar, but not quite, we can check the box in front of the name, click the \u201cShow\u201d button. This brings up a list of different spellings of the farm name, found in various sources.<\/p>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"10805\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/martinroe.com\/blog\/norske-gaardnavne-oluf-rygh-the-old-master-key-to-norwegian-farm-names\/screenshot101\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/martinroe.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/ScreenShot101.jpg?fit=816%2C298&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"816,298\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Oluf Rygh explanation\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/martinroe.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/ScreenShot101.jpg?fit=300%2C110&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/martinroe.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/ScreenShot101.jpg?fit=800%2C292&amp;ssl=1\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-10805 zoooom\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/martinroe.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/ScreenShot101.jpg?resize=663%2C242&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"663\" height=\"242\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/martinroe.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/ScreenShot101.jpg?w=816&amp;ssl=1 816w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/martinroe.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/ScreenShot101.jpg?resize=300%2C110&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/martinroe.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/ScreenShot101.jpg?resize=768%2C280&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 663px) 100vw, 663px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"3789\" data-end=\"3834\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_youll_typically_find_in_a_Rygh_entry\"><\/span>What you\u2019ll typically find in a Rygh entry<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"3836\" data-end=\"3905\">Depending on the farm and the available sources, entries can include:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"3907\" data-end=\"4155\">\n<li data-start=\"3907\" data-end=\"3938\">\n<p data-start=\"3909\" data-end=\"3938\">a main form used for the work<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3939\" data-end=\"3992\">\n<p data-start=\"3941\" data-end=\"3992\"><strong data-start=\"3941\" data-end=\"3964\">local pronunciation<\/strong> and\/or notes on spoken form<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3993\" data-end=\"4045\">\n<p data-start=\"3995\" data-end=\"4045\"><strong data-start=\"3995\" data-end=\"4022\">older written spellings<\/strong> from different periods<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"4046\" data-end=\"4155\">\n<p data-start=\"4048\" data-end=\"4155\">discussion of <strong data-start=\"4062\" data-end=\"4080\">meaning\/origin<\/strong> (etymology) when evidence allows (Antonsen, n.d.; Norske Gaardnavne, 2024)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"4157\" data-end=\"4368\">That combination\u2014spoken tradition plus older written forms\u2014is what makes Rygh so steady as a reference when you\u2019re dealing with shifting spellings in historical records. (Antonsen, n.d.; Norske Gaardnavne, 2024)<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"4370\" data-end=\"4420\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"A_few_cautions_the_sensible_traditional_ones\"><\/span>A few cautions (the sensible, traditional ones)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"4422\" data-end=\"4466\">The technique is strong, but it isn\u2019t magic:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"4468\" data-end=\"4849\">\n<li data-start=\"4468\" data-end=\"4582\">\n<p data-start=\"4470\" data-end=\"4582\">Some parish names and farm forms were spelled differently \u201cback then,\u201d so you must stay alert. (Eidhammer, 2018)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"4583\" data-end=\"4745\">\n<p data-start=\"4585\" data-end=\"4745\">You may meet places that are <strong data-start=\"4614\" data-end=\"4621\">not<\/strong> matrikkel farms (small holdings, cotter places, later names), and they may not appear the way you expect. (Eidhammer, 2018)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"4746\" data-end=\"4849\">\n<p data-start=\"4748\" data-end=\"4849\">Parishes can share names, so confirm you\u2019re in the <em data-start=\"4799\" data-end=\"4806\">right<\/em> place before you decide. (Eidhammer, 2018)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"4746\" data-end=\"4849\">The English version of the database has been a little unstable. At the time of this writing, it seems to be working fine. If you do have problems, just change to the Norwegian version. You can use the translate function in your web browser and easily use this version.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 data-start=\"4851\" data-end=\"4895\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_to_access_the_work\"><\/span>How to access the work<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"5074\" data-end=\"5315\">Oluf Rygh&#8217;s work Norwegian farm names are available through several sources. The best way to access it is, in my opinion, through the &#8220;Dokumentasjonsprosjektet&#8221; hosted by the University in Oslo found at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dokpro.uio.no\/rygh_ng\/rygh_form.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.dokpro.uio.no\/rygh_ng\/rygh_form.html<\/a><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p data-start=\"5074\" data-end=\"5315\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><em>If you have comments or questions, comment below or send me a message through the <\/em><em><a href=\"https:\/\/martinroe.com\/blog\/contact\/\">Contact page.<\/a><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 data-start=\"5074\" data-end=\"5315\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"References\"><\/span>References<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Antonsen, L. (n.d.). Norske Gaardnavne. Store norske leksikon. Retrieved January 23, 2026, from https:\/\/snl.no\/Norske_Gaardnavne<\/p>\n<p>Digitalarkivet. (2013, October 31). Register over g\u00e5rdsnavn i Hordaland og Sogn og Fjordane fra O. Rygh (KildeID: 100018). Retrieved January 23, 2026, from https:\/\/www.digitalarkivet.no\/source\/100018<\/p>\n<p>Eidhammer, M. R. (2018, February 1). How to decipher Norwegian farm names. Norwegian Genealogy and then some. Retrieved January 23, 2026, from https:\/\/martinroe.com\/blog\/how-to-decipher-norwegian-farm-names\/<\/p>\n<p>Norske Gaardnavne. (2024, March 7). Lokalhistoriewiki.no. Retrieved January 23, 2026, from https:\/\/lokalhistoriewiki.no\/Norske_Gaardnavne<\/p>\n<p>Norske Gaardnavne. (2025, March 23). Slektshistoriewiki. Retrieved January 23, 2026, from https:\/\/www.genealogi.no\/wiki\/index.php\/Norske_Gaardnavne<\/p>\n<p>Project Runeberg. (2015, May 28). Norske Gaardnavne. Oplysninger samlade til brug ved Matrikelens Revision. Retrieved January 23, 2026, from https:\/\/runeberg.org\/ngardnavne\/<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>If you do Norwegian genealogy for any length of time, you\u2019ll meet the same problem again and again: the place<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10876,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","nf_dc_page":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"_wpscppro_dont_share_socialmedia":null,"_wpscppro_custom_social_share_image":0,"_facebook_share_type":"default","_twitter_share_type":"default","_linkedin_share_type":"default","_pinterest_share_type":"default","_linkedin_share_type_page":"","_instagram_share_type":"default","_medium_share_type":"default","_threads_share_type":"default","_google_business_share_type":"default","_selected_social_profile":[],"_wpsp_enable_custom_social_template":false,"_wpsp_social_scheduling":{"enabled":true,"datetime":"2026-02-17 11:12:48","platforms":[],"status":"pending_publication","dateOption":"today","timeOption":"now","customDays":"","customHours":"","customDate":"","customTime":"","schedulingType":"absolute"},"_wpsp_active_default_template":true},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10801","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-norwegian-sources"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.0 (Yoast SEO v27.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Norske Gaardnavne (Oluf Rygh): A Genealogy Essential<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Unlock the history of Norwegian farm names with Norske Gaardnavne: the essential guide for genealogy enthusiasts.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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2018","format":false,"excerpt":"Here are some tips and tricks for deciphering Norwegian farm names I am often asked to help decipher handwritten farm names.\u00a0 I also respond to requests on genealogy fora. 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