{"id":635,"date":"2016-02-11T20:05:07","date_gmt":"2016-02-11T19:05:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/martinroe.com\/blog\/?page_id=635"},"modified":"2025-12-16T17:58:48","modified_gmt":"2025-12-16T16:58:48","slug":"causes-of-death","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/martinroe.com\/blog\/causes-of-death\/","title":{"rendered":"Causes of death"},"content":{"rendered":"<h5>Causes of death in the Norwegian Church records<\/h5>\n<p>When dealing with death causes in old church records we need to keep in mind that they did not have the diagnostic tools that we have today. \u00a0Looking at these death causes, all collected from Norwegian church records, we see a number of diagnoses that are at best, vague. Some of the conditions that are listed are not fatal in themself (even in the 1800s). One may therefore suspect that some of the causes listed, in fact, have been complications such as a whole-body inflammatory response to an infection. It may seem that when a person with a nonfatal chronic disorder, dies for no apparent reason, the chronic disorder is listed as the death cause. I have added the names of some organs (e.g. lever &#8211; liver) to make you able to combine some general conditions (e.g. kreft\/kr\u00e6ft -cancer) and get the full meaning of a larger number of records.<\/p>\n<p>As we get some years into the 1900*s the physicians started to record the death cause by their Latin name.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Aarefolkalning &#8211; old description of dementia. Not a condition that causes death in itself.<\/li>\n<li>Acute&#8230;.. &#8211; sudden onset of a condition causing death.<\/li>\n<li>Afkr\u00e6ftelse\/Avkreftelse \u2013 fatigue.<\/li>\n<li>Alderdomssvaghet &#8211; weakness of old age.<\/li>\n<li>Anfald &#8211; Undefined\u00a0seizure.<\/li>\n<li>Ansiktsrosen &#8211;\u00a0Erysipelas \u00a0&#8220;red skin&#8221;; also known as &#8220;ignis sacer&#8221;, &#8220;holy fire&#8221;, and &#8220;St. Anthony&#8217;s fire&#8221; located to the face (ansikt).<\/li>\n<li>Apoplexia \u2013 apoplexy. Sudden impairment of neurological function, especially that resulting from a cerebral hemorrhage; a stroke.<\/li>\n<li>Arteriosclerosis\u00a0&#8211; the thickening, hardening and loss of elasticity of the walls of arteries.<\/li>\n<li>Arteristisk gikt &#8211; rheumatoid arthritis or some other rheumatic disorder.<\/li>\n<li>Barselfeber &#8211;\u00a0Puerperal infections, also known as postpartum infections, puerperal fever or childbed fever.<\/li>\n<li>Betennelse\/Bet\u00e6ndelse \u2013 inflammation or infection.<\/li>\n<li>Blev myrdet &#8211; was murdered.<\/li>\n<li>Blodbr\u00e6kning &#8211; vomiting of blood (Hematemesis). May be caused by a number of conditions in the\u00a0esophagus (food pipe) or stomach\/upper intestines.<\/li>\n<li>Blodforgiftning &#8211;\u00a0Sepsis. A whole-body inflammatory response to an infection.<\/li>\n<li>Blodgang &#8211;\u00a0Dysentery is an inflammation of the intestine causing diarrhea with blood.<\/li>\n<li>Blodstyrtning &#8211; extreme bleeding.<\/li>\n<li>Blodtab\/tap &#8211; death from bleeding.<\/li>\n<li>Bl\u00f8de sig til d\u00f8de &#8211; \u00a0bled to death.<\/li>\n<li>Brok(k) &#8211; Hernia. While not fatal in itself, death can have been caused by several complications.<\/li>\n<li>Bronkit(t) &#8211;\u00a0Bronchitis is inflammation of the bronchi (large and medium-sized airways) in the lungs.<\/li>\n<li>Bryst &#8211; Chest. Female breast.<\/li>\n<li>Bryst betennelse \u2013 probably pneumonia. With nursing mothers, it could be Mastitis, a potentially fatal mammary gland infection.<\/li>\n<li>Brystsygdom &#8211; Probably Pneumonia. Sometimes used about Tuberculosis<\/li>\n<li>Bylder \u2013 Abscesses.<\/li>\n<li>Cholerine &#8211; actual <span class=\"hvr\">precursory<\/span> <span class=\"hvr\">symptoms<\/span> of <span class=\"hvr\">cholera. Probably used to describe a stomach inflammation sometimes accompanied by\u00a0diarrhea.<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Cuikuede &#8211; probably a misspelling of suicide.<\/li>\n<li>Difteri &#8211; Diphtheria. Symptoms often come on fairly gradually beginning with a sore throat and fever. In severe cases a grey or white patch develops in the throat. This can block the airway and create a barking cough as in croup. Some of the other death causes on this list relating to the throat, may\u00a0in fact have been Diphteria.<\/li>\n<li>Dysenteri &#8211;\u00a0Dysentery is an inflammation of the intestine causing diarrhea with blood.<\/li>\n<li>Druknede \u2013 drowned.<\/li>\n<li>Embotis \u2013 probably meaning embolism.<\/li>\n<li>Engelsk syke \u2013 Rickets.<\/li>\n<li>Enteritis &#8211;\u00a0inflammation of the small intestine. In some cases, the inflammation includes the stomach and large intestine.<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;Falt&#8230;..&#8221; &#8211; death from falling from an elevated position.<\/li>\n<li>Epileptisk anfald &#8211; Epileptic seizures. In most cases not fatal in itself. Death may sometimes have been caused by trauma to the head when falling or during convulsions.<\/li>\n<li>Falt over bord &#8211; Fell overboard from a boat.<\/li>\n<li>Forbr\u00e6ndning &#8211; death caused by severe burns.<\/li>\n<li>Ford\u00f8ielsessygdom &#8211; Illness in the digestive system.<\/li>\n<li>Forkj\u00f8lelse &#8211; normally used to describe a common cold. Death must have been caused by complications.<\/li>\n<li>Forlist&#8230;. &#8211; lost at sea.<\/li>\n<li>Forr\u00e5dnelses feber &#8211; Litt &#8220;Rotting fever&#8221;. This may be some sort of <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gangrene\">gangrene<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Forstoppelse &#8211; Constipation.<\/li>\n<li>Forulykedes &#8211; Death by accident.<\/li>\n<li>Gallesten &#8211; gallstone<\/li>\n<li>Gikt &#8211; Rheumatoid arthritis or some other rheumatic disorder. Could also be Gout.<\/li>\n<li>Grasserende sykdom &#8211; Grassere means raging, so this probably means some kind of rapidly spreading of infectious disease.<\/li>\n<li>Gulsot(t) &#8211; Jaundice, also known as icterus. Often seen in liver diseases such as hepatitis or liver cancer. It may also indicate leptospirosis (field fever, rat catcher&#8217;s yellows) or obstruction of the biliary tract, for example by gallstones or pancreatic cancer.<\/li>\n<li>Halsesyge\/-syke \u2013 \u00abThroat disorder\u00bb. Could be a number of conditions afflicting the throat.<\/li>\n<li>Helvedesild &#8211; Shingles, also known as zoster, herpes zoster, or zona.<\/li>\n<li>Hjerne &#8211; brain.<\/li>\n<li>Hjerneslag &#8211; Stroke, also known as\u00a0cerebrovascular accident\u00a0(CVA),\u00a0cerebrovascular\u00a0insult\u00a0(CVI), or\u00a0brain attack.<\/li>\n<li>Hjernebetennelse &#8211; probably referring to meningitis.<\/li>\n<li>Hjerte &#8211; Heart.<\/li>\n<li>Hjertefeil &#8211; May refer to several hearth conditions.<\/li>\n<li>Hjerteklap &#8211;\u00a0 probably Myocardial infarction\u00a0<em>(see below).<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Hjertelammelse &#8211; probably Myocardial infarction\u00a0<em>(see below).<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Hjerteslag &#8211; Myocardial infarction\u00a0(MI) or\u00a0acute myocardial infarction\u00a0(AMI), commonly known as a\u00a0heart attack.<\/li>\n<li>Hjertesyke \u2013 undefined heart condition.<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;H\u00e6ngte sig&#8221; &#8211; suicide by hanging.<\/li>\n<li>Influensa &#8211; Influenza, commonly known as &#8220;the flu&#8221;.<\/li>\n<li>Kighoste &#8211; Pertussis (also known as whooping cough or 100-day cough).<\/li>\n<li>Kj\u00e6ve\/kjeve &#8211; jaw. Often in combination with &#8220;over\/under&#8221; meaning &#8220;upper\/lower&#8221;.<\/li>\n<li>Kj\u00e6rtel\/kjertelsygdom \u2013 undefined disorder in a gland. Possibly Hypothyroidism. It may have been used to describe Mycobacterial cervical lymphadenitis, also known as scrofula or King&#8217;s evil, which refers to lymphadenitis of the lymph nodes in the jaw and neck area. Associated with tuberculosis as well as non-tuberculous (atypical) mycobacteria.<\/li>\n<li>Kolik &#8211;\u00a0 cholic. undefined pain that starts and stops abruptly. Could be Renal colic, a pain in the flank, characteristic of kidney stones, Biliary colic, blockage by a gallstone of the common bile duct, or cystic duct. \u00a0May, of course, occur with infants caused by intestinal gas, but this is rarely fatal.<\/li>\n<li>Kolorine &#8211; actual\u00a0<span class=\"hvr\">precursory<\/span> <span class=\"hvr\">symptoms<\/span> of <span class=\"hvr\">cholera. Probably used to describe a stomach inflammation sometimes accompanied by\u00a0diarrhea.<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Kopper (abr kop) \u2013 Smallpox.<\/li>\n<li>Kramper \u2013 Convulsions. Possibly epileptic seizures. May also be caused by high fever in children or Tetanus, also known as lockjaw<strong>\u00a0<\/strong>in adults. With pregnant women, this could describe Pre-eclampsia\/preeclampsia (PE).<\/li>\n<li>Kr\u00e6ft\/kreft &#8211; cancer.<\/li>\n<li>Lever &#8211; liver.<\/li>\n<li>Leversyke \u2013 Undefined liver condition.<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;Liges\u00e5&#8221; &#8211; Ditto<\/li>\n<li>Lungebetennesle \u2013 pneumonia.<\/li>\n<li>Lungesykdom (sygdom) &#8211; undefined lung condition.<\/li>\n<li>Mage\/mavekrampe &#8211; undefined stomach condition.<\/li>\n<li>Mage\/mavekreft \u2013 stomach cancer.<\/li>\n<li>Mage\/mavetilf\u00e6lde \u2013 undefined stomach condition.<\/li>\n<li>Mavekatarr\/Magekatarr &#8211; gastritis<\/li>\n<li>Mavesaar (modern Mages\u00e5r) &#8211; gastric ulcer<\/li>\n<li>Medf\u00f8dt &#8211;\u00a0Congenital.<\/li>\n<li>Meslinger\/M\u00e6slinger &#8211;\u00a0Measles, also known as morbilli, rubeola, or red measles.<\/li>\n<li>Mineskud &#8211; Death from an explosion.<\/li>\n<li>Nephritis chronica (latin) &#8211; a cronic kidney infection\/inflammation.<\/li>\n<li>Nervefeber\/N\u00e6rvefeber &#8211; Typhoid fever.<\/li>\n<li>Nervegigt &#8211;\u00a0\u00a0This\u00a0may be\u00a0the same as\u00a0Typhoid fever. Nervegikt is also explained as <strong>Neuralgia<\/strong>:\u00a0 a stabbing, burning, and often quite severe pain that occurs along a damaged nerve. This is however a more modern definition that may not be applicable in the 19. Century.<\/li>\n<li>Nyre &#8211; Kidney.<\/li>\n<li>Nyrebet\u00e6ndelse &#8211; Infection of the kidney.<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;Omkom paa havet\/sj\u00f8en&#8221; &#8211; lost at sea.<\/li>\n<li>Overkj\u00f8rt &#8211; Run over<\/li>\n<li>Paa barselseng \u2013 died while giving birth.<\/li>\n<li>Rosen &#8211;\u00a0Erysipelas \u00a0&#8220;red skin&#8221;; also known as &#8220;ignis sacer&#8221;, &#8220;holy fire&#8221;, and &#8220;St. Anthony&#8217;s fire&#8221;.<\/li>\n<li>Selvmord &#8211; suicide.<\/li>\n<li>Sindsygdom &#8211; Insanity. Psychiatric condition. With an elderly person, this may have been used to describe dementia.<\/li>\n<li>Sinn\/sindsforvirring &#8211; actually confusion. May be referring to a psychiatric condition. With an elderly person, this may have been used to describe dementia. Sometimes used as a possible explanation for suicide.<\/li>\n<li>Skarlagensfeber (abbr Sklfbr) \u2013 Scarlet fever,\u00a0also called\u00a0scarlatina.<\/li>\n<li>Skj\u00f8rbug &#8211; Scurvy<strong>, <\/strong>a disease resulting from a deficiency of vitamin C.<\/li>\n<li>Slag\/Slagtilf\u00e6lde \u2013 undefined stroke. Hearth or brain attack.<\/li>\n<li>Solstik(k) &#8211;\u00a0Sunstroke. Disease caused by direct exposure to heat from solar radiation with local heating of the brain.<\/li>\n<li>Sottesykdom (sygdom) &#8211; Sometimes used where the deceased has been ill and often bedridden for some time, when the true cause of death is not known. It could also be used to describe death in an epidemic.<\/li>\n<li>Spedalsk(het) &#8211; Suffering from Leprosy, also known as Hansen&#8217;s disease (HD).<\/li>\n<li>Stensmerte &#8211; \u00a0 a pain in the flank, characteristic of kidney stones,\u00a0Biliary colic,\u00a0blockage by a gallstone of the common bile duct or cystic duct.<\/li>\n<li>Strube\/Strupe &#8211; Larynx\/throat.<\/li>\n<li>Strubehoste \u2013 probably Tracheolaryngobronchitis<em>\/<\/em>Croup in children. May be larynx cancer in adults.<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;tilf\u00e6lde\/tilfelle&#8221; &#8211; means occurrence\/condition. Used in connection with the name of an organ to indicate illness in this area.<\/li>\n<li>Strubet\u00e6ring &#8211; May be larynx cancer. &#8220;T\u00e6ring&#8221; usually refers to Tuberculosis.<\/li>\n<li>Suicid(e) &#8211; this word is also used in Norwegian.<\/li>\n<li>Sukkersyke &#8211; Diabetes.<\/li>\n<li>Svaghed\/svakhet &#8211; weakness. Sometimes used in connection with the name of an organ to indicate illness in this area.<\/li>\n<li>Tarmslyng &#8211; Rotation of the intestine causing blockage of flow and necrosis of the intestine.<\/li>\n<li>Tunget\u00e6ring &#8211; Larynx cancer. May also have been used to describe Tuberculosis.<\/li>\n<li>Tyfus\/Thyphus \u2013 Typhoid fever.<\/li>\n<li>T\u00e6ring &#8211; Tuberculosis\u00a0(MTB,\u00a0TB).<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;Ubekjendt&#8221; &#8211; cause of death is not known.<\/li>\n<li>Ulykkestilfelde &#8211; Death by accident.<\/li>\n<li>Vatersott &#8211; Edema\u00a0\u00a0i.e. some sort of circulatory problems.<\/li>\n<li>Ventriculis &#8211; referring to the stomach.<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;Vides\/vites ikke\/ei&#8221; &#8211; cause of death is not known.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Sources<\/p>\n<p>Jakobsen, Arnt: &#8220;Norsk medisinsk ordbok&#8221; Sem &amp; Stenersen, Oslo 1984<\/p>\n<p>Tetmo, Terje A: &#8220;Ordbok for slektsforskere&#8221;\u00a0\u00a0Gr\u00f8ndahl Dreyer\u00a0 Oslo\u00a01999<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Store norske leksikon&#8221; web edition<\/p>\n<p>Wikipedia &#8211; various articles<\/p>\n<h6><a href=\"https:\/\/martinroe.com\/blog\/norwegian-genealogy-dictionary\/\"><strong>If you look for other words related to Norwegian genealogy, be sure to check out my Norwegian genealogy dictionary<\/strong><\/a><\/h6>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Causes of death in the Norwegian Church records When dealing with death causes in old church records we need to<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","nf_dc_page":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-635","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.0 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - 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Use it when you want to quickly find a source guide, a method, or a worked example. Quick navigation Start here Core tools (Digitalarkivet & archives) Church books (kirkeb\u00f8ker) Censuses\u2026","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":819,"url":"https:\/\/martinroe.com\/blog\/downloads\/","url_meta":{"origin":635,"position":1},"title":"Downloads","author":"Martin Roe Eidhammer","date":"February 22, 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 On this page, I will present various documents that may be helpful in your genealogy work. Genealogy Research planner. The spreadsheet I\u2019m sharing here is a simple way to keep notes at hand. Genealogy forms Comments on genealogical charts and records These charts can be printed and\u2026","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"Norw gen and then so","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/martinroe.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/Norw-gen-and-then-so.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/martinroe.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/Norw-gen-and-then-so.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/martinroe.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/Norw-gen-and-then-so.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/martinroe.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/Norw-gen-and-then-so.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":361,"url":"https:\/\/martinroe.com\/blog\/norwegian-genealogy-dictionary\/","url_meta":{"origin":635,"position":2},"title":"Norwegian Genealogy Dictionary","author":"Martin Roe Eidhammer","date":"February 1, 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"This dictionary contains words related to genealogy focusing on the words you are not likely to find in an ordinary modern Norwegian dictionary. The dictionary contains words that I have come across while doing genealogy in Norway. This means the words be in either of the languages Latin, Danish, Norwegian\u2026","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":15,"url":"https:\/\/martinroe.com\/blog\/about-me\/","url_meta":{"origin":635,"position":3},"title":"About me","author":"Martin Roe Eidhammer","date":"January 22, 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"My name is Martin Roe Eidhammer. I am a Norwegian living in Norway. I am married to Inger Lise and we have three kids. By profession, I am a psychiatric nurse. I grew up in Vestnes in Romsdal (M\u00f8re og Romsdal county) and we are now living in Skjevik, east\u2026","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/martinroe.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/587A0658-copy2-300x279.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":87,"url":"https:\/\/martinroe.com\/blog\/contact\/","url_meta":{"origin":635,"position":4},"title":"Contact","author":"Martin Roe Eidhammer","date":"January 24, 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"My postal address is Martin Roe EidhammerR\u00e5ket 16450 HJELSETNORWAY I'm on Facebook. Look for Martin Roe EidhammerIf you send me a private message it might take a little while before I respond. I can Skype, but you need to contact me in advance so that we can agree on a\u2026","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/martinroe.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/635","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/martinroe.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/martinroe.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/martinroe.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/martinroe.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=635"}],"version-history":[{"count":57,"href":"https:\/\/martinroe.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/635\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10530,"href":"https:\/\/martinroe.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/635\/revisions\/10530"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/martinroe.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=635"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}